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Plant Teachers of the
Peruvian Amazon Rainforest
Native Quechua and
Botanical Names
The traditional shamanic training as it is practiced
still today by the vegetalistas
of the Peruvian Amazon, on the footstep of their tribal counterparts, is
embedded in the Spanish term dieta (the shamanic diet). Plants may also
be "dieted" therapeutically, for healing from a particular condition (the
healing diet). In either case
different degrees of restrictions
and/or a more specific apprenticeship is required, under the guidance of the
shaman.
Click here to read more abut the
"plant
diet". Along with their use in the dieta - which has different
styles and degrees of rigor (see the diet as it is done in
Sachamama
and in
Onanyan Shobo),
some of these plants and trees may also be employed as admixture in the
preparation of
the ayahuasca brew, or find as well other, more specific applications in
the ceremonial and daily world of the vegetalistas of the Peruvian Amazon.
In Onanyan Shobo the brew is
prepared with ayahuasca,
huambisa chacruna (chagropanga), chacruna and toe'.
Other plant additives are at the discretion of the maestros to use.
|
Vernacular Name
|
Botanical
Name |
|
|
|
Abuta
|
Abuta grandifolia |
|
Acatuaua |
Maytanus macrocarpa
|
|
Acpa Ayahuasca |
Banisteriopsis
sp. |
|
Amasisa |
Erythrinaglauca |
|
Anacaspi |
Apuleta leiocarpa
|
|
Ajos
chiro |
Gallizia corazema |
|
 |
|
|
Ajos sacha
|
Mansoa alliacea |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ayahùman |
Couropita guianensis
|
| |
|
|
Azucar huayo |
Hymenaea sp. |
|
Bellaco caspi |
Himantanthus sucuuba
|
|
Bobinzana
|
Calliandra angustifolia |
|
Camalonga |
Thevetia peruviana
(?)
|
|
Campana ayahuasca
|
Banisteriopsis
sp. |
| |
|
 |
|
|
Canelilla
|
Aniba
canellila |
| |
|
|
Capirona negra
|
Capirona
decorticans |
|
Catahua |
Hura crepitans
|
|
Caupuri |
Virola surinamensis
|
| |
|
|
|
|
Chacruna |
Psychotria viridis
|
| |
|
|
Chambira
|
Astrocaryum chambira
|
|
Chicuru piripiri |
Cyperus sp. |
| |
|
 |
|
|
Chiric
sanango
|
Brunfelsia grandiflora |
| |
|
 |
|
|
Chiricaspi (palo del frio)
|
Brunfelsia chiricaspi |
| |
|
|
Chontay caspi |
Unidentified
|
|
Chonta quiro |
Diplotropis
sp. (A.
Brack)
/
Anthodiscus
sp. (A.
Gentry) |
|
Cuchara caspi
|
Malovetia Tamaquarina
|
|
Chuchuhuasi
|
Maytenus
ebenifolia |
|
Chuchuhuasa |
Heisteria pallida |
| |
|
 |
|
|
Chullachaki-caspi |
Brysonima christianeae
|
| |
|
 |
|
|
Cielo ayahuasca (lucero ayahuasca) |
Banisteriopsis caapi |
| |
|
|
Clavohuasca
|
Tynanthas panurensis |
|
Colita
de gabilan
|
Unidentified
|
|
Cumaceba
negra
|
Swartzia sp. |
|
Cumala
|
Virola
sp. |
|
Estoraque (Estorake)
|
Myroxylon balsamum |
|
Garabato
|
Unidentified
|
|
Giausahuasca |
Unidentified
|
|
Hiporuru
|
Alchornea castaneifolia |
|
Huairacaspi
|
Cedrelinga catanaeformis |
|
Huayra
runa
|
Unidentified
|
|
Huacapu'
|
Minquartia
guianensis |
|
Huambiza chacruna
(chagropanga)
|
Diplopterys cabrerana
|
|
Huiririma |
Astrocaryum jauari
|
|
Huicungo |
Astrocaryum vulgare
|
|
Iana ayahuasca (ayahuasca negra)
|
Banisteriopsis
sp. |
| Lobo chupa
|
Unidentified
|
| |
|
|
|
|
Lupuna blanca |
Ceiba
sp. /
Ceiba Pentandra |
| |
|
|
|
|
Lupuna
roja (puka-lupuna
or lupuna bruja)
|
Cavanillesia hylogeiton
/
C. umbellata |
| |
|
|
Lupuna
negra |
Unidentified |
|
Mapacho |
Nicotiana rustica
/ Nicotiana tabacum |
|
Misqui panga (michiquipanga) |
Renealmia
alpina
|
|
Mucura
|
Petiveria alliacea
|
|
Murcohuasca |
Marcgravia
williamsii
|
|
Mururé
|
Brosimum acutifolium
Huber |
|
Nuc-nuc pichana |
Scoparia dulcis |
| |
|
|
|
|
Oje'
|
Ficus insipida |
| |
|
|
Papastrueno |
Dioscorea
sp. |
|
Piripiri |
Cyperaceous
sp. |
|
Puca chari (rojo dulce)
|
Banisteriopsis
sp. |
|
Pumasacha
|
Roucheria
punctata
ducke
|
|
Puro puro |
Unidentified |
|
Raya
balsa |
Montrichardia
arborecens |
|
Rajo
ayahuasca |
Banisteriopsis
sp. |
|
Remo
caspi
|
Pithecellobium laetum |
|
Renaco
|
Ficus sp. |
|
Sacha runa |
Unidentified
|
|
Shapaca (Shapaja)
|
Sheelea cephalotes |
|
Shihuauacu
|
Dipterys sp.? |
|
Suelda con suelda
|
Phtirusa pyrifolia |
|
Supay-casha
caspi |
Unidentified
|
|
Tahuari'
|
Tabebuia heteropoda
|
|
Tangarana |
Triplaris surinamensis var. chamissoana |
|
|
|
 |
|
|
Toe'
|
Brugmansia
suavolensis |
|
|
|
|
Trueno ayahuasca |
Banisteriopsis
sp. |
|
Uchu-sanango |
Tabernaemontana
sp.
|
|
Yana ayahuasca
|
Banisteriopsis
sp.
|
References
Luna, L.E. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 11 (1984) 135-156; Luna, L.E.
Vegetalismo. Shamanism among the Mestizo Population of the Peruvian Amazon, Acta Universitatis Stockholmiensis, Stockholm Studies in Comparative Religion 27,
Stockholm 1986; Schultes, E.R. and Raffauf, R. F. Vine of the Soul, Medicine
Men, their Plants and Rituals in the Colombian Amazonia, Synergetic Press
1992; Luna, L.E. : "Icaros: Magical Melodies", in Matteson Langdon, E.J. and
Baer G. Portals of Power - Shamanism in South America, University of New
Mexico Press, Albuquerque 1992;
Dobkins De Rios, M.
Amazon Healer. The Life and Times of an Urban Shaman, Prism
Press, Dorset 1992; Luna, L.E. and Amaringo P. Ayahuasca Visions, The
Religious Iconography of a Peruvian Shaman, Berkeley 1999; Luna, L.E. and
White, S. (Editors) Ayahuasca Reader - Encounters with the Amazon's Sacred
Wine, Synergetic Press, Santa Fe 2000; A. Gentry A Field Guide to the
families and Genera of Woody Plants of Northwest South America, 1993; A.
Brack Egg Dicionario Enciclopédico de Plantas Utiles del Perù, 1999;
Mejia, K. & Rengifo,
E. Plantas Medicinales de Uso Popular en la Amazonia Peruana, 1995.
Acknowledgements
Most of the native quechua names of the plants as from personal communications by
Francisco Montes Shuña, Ruperto Peña Shuña, Felipe Ayala, Julio Gerena Pinedo, Ruber del Castillo Ramirez.
Tentative identification kindly supplied,
in some instances,
by Francisco Montes Shuña, Moises Suarez Mera
(botanical researcher at Iquitos university) and Jessica Bertram de Sasari
(guide at Manu National Park, and
apprentice of don Adriano Rodriguez).

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